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DNA, Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synopsis

Uploaded by piya_13 on Jan 03, 2006

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, a nucleic acid that consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted together into a double twirl and joined by hydrogen bonds between opposite bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine; it carries the cell's genetic information and hereditary characteristics via its nucleotides and their sequence and is capable of self-replication and genetic material mixture (www.dictionary.com).
Both of the egg and sperm hold DNA. Each child receives 23 chromosomes from its mother and 23 from its father, so that’s a total of 46 chromosomes. Every cell carries a blueprint of DNA. A molecule of DNA holds coded plans for thousands of proteins and the length of the strand is called a gene. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Basically DNA is fully composed of proteins. Each person has a unique DNA pattern that can be determined by testing tissue such as hair or body fluids. DNA tests use those unique patterns to determine whether a person is linked to hair, teeth, bones, nails or body fluids found at a crime scene.

The Canadian police community had called for the creation of a DNA data bank to assist police investigations. The government responded by assenting to the DNA Identification Act on December 10, 1998. This legislation allowed a DNA data bank to be created and amended the Criminal Code to provide a method for a judge to order persons convicted of designated offences to provide blood, or hair samples from which DNA profiles will be derived. The legislation became official on June 30, 2000.

Forensic science uses techniques developed in DNA research to identify individuals who have committed crimes. DNA from semen, skin, or blood taken from the crime scene can be compared with the DNA of a suspect, and the results can hold important information that can put a criminal in prison, DNA doesn’t lie. The chemical structure of everyone's DNA is the same. Every persons DNA is different because is the order of the base pairs. There are so many millions of base pairs in each person's DNA that every person has a different sequence. Using these sequences, every person could be identified solely by the sequence of their base pairs.
DNA identification can be quite effective if used intelligently. Portions of the DNA sequence that vary the most among humans must be used; also, portions must be large enough to...

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Uploaded by:   piya_13

Date:   01/03/2006

Category:   Law

Length:   4 pages (799 words)

Views:   8453

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