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AP Laboratory : Enzyme Catalysis

AP Laboratory : Enzyme Catalysis

Purpose - The purpose of this lab is to use a chemical titration to measure and them calculate the rate of conversion of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water and oxygen gas using the enzyme catalase.

Hypothesis - The rate of enzymatically-catalyzed reactions can be determined by taking time reactions at different time intervals. When the rates are plotted on a graph, the rate of the reaction is the slope of the linear portion of the curve. To determine a rate, any two points on the straight-line portion of the curve is picked out. Divided the difference in the amount of product formed between these two points by the difference in time between them. The result will be the rate of the reaction.

I believe that the reactions rate will be that highest during the first interval (0-10 seconds) because there are larger amounts of substrate molecules than enzyme molecules, but as times increase the lower the reaction rate because there will be more product molecules as result of the chemical reactions between the enzyme and the substrate.

Materials:

•ring stand
•double clamp
•2 burettes
•beakers
•test tube
•1.5% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
•distilled water
•liver
•potassium permanganate (KMnO4)
•graduate cylinders
•1.0% sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

Procedure: See handout

Observations: See handout

Analysis - My hypothesis proved to be correct. The reaction rate was the highest during the intervals of (0-10 seconds) and also at the beginning of 10-30 seconds because there is a large amount of substrate molecules in comparison to the number of enzyme molecules and there will be a maximal number of collisions between the enzymes and the substrate. As the number in seconds increased the reaction rate decreased. The lowest reaction rate was during the last interval (120-180 seconds). As the number of substrate molecules decreased and the number of product molecules (O2) increases the number of collisions between the substrate decreases. Eventually, the enzyme will break all of the substrate down, since 02 escapes from the system.

Conclusion - In this lab catalase is the enzyme. It will react with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the substate. The products formed should be water and oxygen.

H2O2 --catalase--> H2O + O2

In Exercise 2A the bubbles coming form the reaction mixture are O2, which results from the breakdown of H2O2. By capturing the evolved gas in a test tube and inserting a glowing splint one could show that the gas evolved...

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