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Colleg Essay on Machines

Uploaded by joeydaprof on Jun 12, 2006

CHAPTER 1
• A machine is a device that makes a physical task easier.
• A lever is a simple machine that uses the turning effect of a force to make a task easier.
• Turning point of lever = Fulcrum
• Resistance to motion = Load
• The force caused to make movement = Effort
• First Class levers = Effort, Fulcrum, Load
• Second class levers = Effort, Load, Fulcrum
• Third class levers = Fulcrum, Effort, Load
• First and second class levers are force multipliers
• Third class levers are speed multipliers
• Force multipliers move a heavy load using little force
• Speed multipliers move a large load quickly using allot of effort
• A ramp is a machine because it makes the physical task of raising an
object easier
• It is a inclined plane (a surface that is set at an angle horizontally)
• Wedges are inclined planes they can be used to penetrate or split objects or stop them from moving
• They reduce the force needed to cut through objects
• The screw is an inclined plane: it is a curved ramp
• The ramp cut into a screw is called the thread the distance between two
threads is called the pitch
• A circular doorknob is a simple machine called a wheel and axle
• The inner smaller wheel of the doorknob is the axle
• When you open the door you apply an effort to the wheel and the axle
pulls on the load to open the door. The turning point is at the very centre
of the doorknob it is a force multiplier
• The pulley is a simple machine that consists of a single wheel and axle.
• It simply changes the direction of the effort
• When more than 1 pulley is used is can be lifted with a small effort it acts as a force multiplier
• There is a cost the rope needs to be pulled a large distance to move the load through a small distance
• A multiple-pulley system is a block and tackle. The block is a frame around the pulleys and the tackle is the string joining the load to the effort
• Each gear on a clock is simply a wheel and axle when one gear turns the other moves in many ways
• The gear that is moved first is the driving gear
• The gear driven by the driving gear is called the driven gear
• A large driving gear makes a small driven gear move faster but in
opposite directions
• A small driving gear makes a large driven move slower in opposite direction this is called a force multiplier
Pairs of gears the same size change the direction of the turning with ought...

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Uploaded by:   joeydaprof

Date:   06/12/2006

Category:   Physics

Length:   4 pages (990 words)

Views:   8553

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Colleg Essay on Machines

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