Mitochondria's Evolution from the Chloroplast
Mitochondria's Evolution from the Chloroplast
I discovered that mitochondria evolved from the chloroplast (Audersirk p. 369). “The endosymbotic hypothesis championed most forcefull by Lynn Margulis of the University of Massachusetts, propose that cells acquired the precursors of mitochondria and chloroplast by engulfing certain types of bacteria.” This happens by the aerobe bacteria that absorbs those molecules and used energy oxygen to complete their metabolism. By gaining a high range of energy, using large food resources, great amount of energy leak out a ATP and right back into the host of cytoplasm that is how mitochondria came about.
The role of the mitochondria in our are bodies is to process oxygen, convert fatty acids. Carbohydrates, and proteins from food that we eat turns into energy. The body’s mobile energy source is ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Within the mitochondria it has its own DNA. What mitochondria with DNA all thisis new to me. An a article in the newspaper the mentioning the role of mitochondria DNA causing genetic diseases. I could not believe my eyes, after reading the article I had in mind that the Mitochondria DNA was the same as the Nuclear DNA, not true at all.
Mitochondria DNA verses Nuclear DNA. Nuclear DNA has twenty TRNA ( transferal RNA) proteins that are free radicals, which encodes of the subumits of oxidative phosphorylation. Whereas, Mitochondria DNA has twenty-two tRNA with no proteins. Nucleat DNA has a linear shape DNA but Mitochondria DNA have a circular DNA. Since Nuclear DNA has both extrons and introns the limitation of mutations are low. However, Mitochondria DNA only have introns, so Mitochondria DNA mutate to occur in the cell.
Mutations occur in mitonchondria. When the vital supply of ATP is disrupted less and less energy is generated within the cell, the process is repeated continuous the body system begins to shut down. In further detail, in the mitochondria there are two through ten molecules that exist and each cell contains multiple mitochondria within that cell. There can be normal and mutant Mitochondria DNA. (New England Journal…) There is a condition known as hetroplasmy that allow otherwise lethal mutations to persist. Homplasmy is the presence of either completely normal or completely mutant Mitochondria DNA. An individual may be life-treaten.
“Mutations with the...