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that the condition for being in a mental state should be given by the function of that state and also, this is meant to be in term...

The fundamental propositions of the science established in the Meditations go to physics, but while Descartes did apply science, h...

one is not perceiving reality correctly. Yet, while all of these situations leads to a change in perception, who is to say that th...

occurred. One of the only things that one can find to argue about Locke is that he eventually becomes as inflexible as the rest o...

at the conclusion that there is no belief of which we can be certain, since the process of acquiring such information is inherentl...

They are, instead, robot-like in that they do what they are told and do not question the validity of the teachings. Instead, peopl...

of that century, the French philosopher, Nicolas Malebranche (1638-1715) developed his metaphysical theories known as "occasionali...

attempt to free themselves. What he has realized is that what they had seen all along on the wall of the cave were mere representa...

upon life are not likely to be duplicated in the near future. Indeed, the praise for such progression during these two periods ca...

to the first two in that people have some former knowledge in order to "know" someone, or "know" how to do something (Hospers, 196...

It is in the Second Meditation, however, that the apparent flaw in his logic appears and gives rise to the Cartesian Circle. In th...

The problem which arose was that if the mind generates all perception, then is our understanding of something "real", meaning of t...

of the most important philosophers when talking about knowledge and where it comes from. His explanation suggests that there is a ...

at those responsible for the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. In other words, education is supposed to take a neutral appr...

a thinking thing, or a thing possessing within itself the faculty of thinking" (Descartes, 1960, p. 7). The fundamental asp...

certain choices in life. They make communion and choose a new middle name. They go to school, and their degree is attached to that...

and balances helps to equalize what man truly knows and that which he thinks he knows - the very foundation for identifying weakne...

and truth, Benjamin (2002) surmises how those who have invested both time and pains in its postulations should partake of a greate...

conclusion that "a being than which none greater can be conceived can be conceived to be greater than it is," which is "absurd" (A...

experiences were possible (Gogan, 2006). This author indicates this in the following: "Kant gets rid of the usual foundation for r...

perception is that which we, as humans, have been trained to discern as a species, inasmuch as the certain quality of perception r...

it is also the case that in general terms, people seem to believe what they see. They do not see atoms and they do see a solid mas...

the Buddhist worldview and the goal of detaching oneself from the material world and the body. "Thought is an attribute that rea...

accept the cogito at face value. It is only after answering an objection, that he comes up with a conclusion, which is that while ...

is an objective reality, people are basically defining what is real and what is not. Life becomes confusing. Loeb (1986) explains...

Smarts philosophies regarding the correlation between brain and mind are supported by a number of historic philosophers and scient...

or the perception of identity changes through time. For example, someone grows up and has certain experiences and perceptions and ...

is, therefore, to be perceived - that matter does not exist independently of perception. Inasmuch as philosophy is nothing other ...

might Descartes for example deal with the problem? A student writing on this subject will want to point out that the primary dilem...

Descartes seemed to think that the way to find objectivity, from a subjective existence, would be to prove that a perfect God is t...