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Essays 1891 - 1920

Man's Greatest Good and Values

philosophical thought begs to differ. In the pre-Plato period, for example, the prevailing belief was that pleasure was immediate ...

Lev Vygotsky's Educational Theories

of achieving either on his own, with the aid of a teacher, or with the help of another more accomplished peer.(Zone, 2002). The st...

Effecting Societal ChangeTwo Approaches to Societal Change: Elshtain's “Democracy on Trial” and West's “Race Matters”

address the problems of individualism in our contemporary society. While Wests "Race Matters" makes a frontal attack on these pro...

Position Paper on Drugs Legalization

arguments these days is that one would not want a physician operating on one when the physician is using marijuana on his off hour...

Social Contributions of Immanuel Kant

the work goes on to Part II and is headed Metaphysical first principles of the doctrine of virtue. This is also further subdivided...

Philosophical Comparison of Benjamin Franklin and Henry David Thoreau

challenged mankinds very conscience. He retreated to Walden Pond in order to refresh his own character and to effectively remove ...

The Brutal Political Philosophy of Machiavelli's The Prince

the effects of "Original Sin" (Hundersmarck 133). While Machiavelli agreed with this stance, he did not do so because of theology....

Medical Practicing on Newly Dead Bodies and Ethics

that the morality of choice is based on the greater good. The saying, "the needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few" arise...

Moral Responsibility, Determinism, and Free Will

and that is that it enables both freedom and necessity to coexist; it favors an ethical reliance on moral deterrence without brini...

Medicine and Culture: Varieties of Treatment in the United States, England, West Germany, and France by Lynn Payer

between the patient and physician (technology, caring and values) are always present but may differ in balance. In addition, the r...

Third Meditation of Rene Descartes

cause of the effect must possess as much reality as the effect. Furthermore, Descartes asserts that any cause must have as much p...

3 Classical Philosophies and Animal Rights

and non-rational elements. Of the non-rational, the autonomic responses (breathing, sleeping, digesting, and reproducing) is commo...

Perception, Language, Cognition and Consciousness in Classic Indian Philosophy

modification, which dispels ignorance" (Mohanty, 2001). When we cognize we abate ignorance....

Contemporary Machiavellianism

and "advisors" were, in many ways, far more powerful than the aristocrat holding office. Machiavelli himself was such a creature ...

Philosophy, Humanness and the Concepts of Friedrich Nietzsche

In the context of a greater philosophy perhaps, a philosopher says what he thinks. Yet, he is unwittingly part of a grand plan. Wh...

Life and Concepts of Karl Marx

that created a chasm between the haves and the "have nots." With people working for the government, and each getting an equal stip...

Olaudah Equiano and Frederick Douglass Lifestyles and Philosophies

the reader into the oppressive world of slavery. Indeed, it was the authors desire to bring attention to the injustices faced by ...

People as The Ends and Means of Actions and the Theories of Rawls, Nozick, and Kant

through a consideration not of personal benefit but simply on the basis that the choices are the only rational ones. Kant argues ...

Inability to Ever Justify Cheating

to properly identify herself surely saved lives. In the hypothetical situation at hand, there is no heroism, so it would be diffic...

Social Science Predictability According to Alexander Rosenberg

it is (L) that connects human behavior with the environment via "desires and beliefs" that the environment fosters in us (Rosenbe...

Concept of the Divine Right Of Kings

to Grotius more humane perspective was that of Jacques-Benigne Bossuets, who "reinforced medieval notions of kingship in his theor...

America's Civil War, Literature, and Art

North and the more rural, ante-bellum Old South. Most historians agree that, in addition to the concept of slavery, vast d...

Considerations on France by Joseph de Maistre

his own mind is anarchy. "The churches are closed, or opened only for the noisy discussions and drunken revels of a frenzied peopl...

Humanism and Educational Philosophy

done right and what potentially could go wrong, in the end one has to choose the model or models that most closely resemble ones o...

Twelve Step Meeting Philosophy

saying the above statement. The names change and the nature of the addiction changes with the substance, but the goal and reward ...

Tess of the D'Urbervilles by Thomas Hardy and the Influence of Charles Darwin

notch to become a tale about the near-extinction of a species - that is, the family called the DUrbervilles - and how they attempt...

Philosophy, Art and Literature During the Time of the Civil War

the post-Civil War period, which was one of unprecedented patronage for the arts from government and private sources, produced wor...

Alienation in The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx

Without the pressures of the capitalist system, Marx was of the opinion that work could make a valuable contribution to the labour...

Cesar Chavez, the Man, the Union Organizer, and the Minority Rights' Activist

told us we had to leave, or go to jail. My mother came out of the house crying, we children knew there was trouble, but we were c...

Requiring HIV Testing of Women Who Are Pregnant

even know that IV drug use is. Should such persons be subject to taking unnecessary tests, or rather, should the government trust ...