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'Argument Against Skepticism' by John Hospers

to the first two in that people have some former knowledge in order to "know" someone, or "know" how to do something (Hospers, 196...

The Mind-Body Problem and Descartes

thing" sets the stage for each of his subsequent steps. In Step 2 he delineates his completeness into one of its two parts, the b...

Immanuel Kant on the World's Purpose

beautiful. However, how can one make such judgments without purpose? Why is something wrong? If there is no purpose to life no one...

Ancient Greeks and Politics

basically a war between Athens and Sparta (Thucydides, 1881). This came about as a result of the growth of the Athenian Empire, a...

Concept of Human Nature

idea of self is more genuine and original, unique in its conception. Also, at the very foundation of this philosophy is that there...

The State and Virtue According to Alexis de Tocqueville and Aristotle

Virtuous action was defined by Aristotle as what a person with practical wisdom would choose. The golden mean, as defined by Ari...

Pacifist Just War Theory Analysis

the war has a specific goal in mind. NON-CHRISTIAN VIEWPOINT The problem, the non-Christian would say, is that these rules are ei...

Windows of G.W. Leibniz

that requires the transmission or transposition of the parts of those beings (1998). However, substances are simple unextended ent...

Interaction Between the Body and the Mind According to Baruch Spinoza

also saw mind and body as two separate substance. The Descartes position on the mind-body problem combines the idea of substance d...

Life and its Meaning Questioned

contrary, that it will be lived all the better if it has no meaning." Albert Camus in The Myth of Sisyphus. * Life is a tragedy fo...

Christianity and Religion According to On Liberty and A Letter Concerning Toleration

of itself, is not the end of the line in relation to the state of religious toleration, inasmuch as its very definition is that of...

Richard Rorty and Immanuel Kant on Truth

are told, when will others in the same position known if they are being told the truth, or will they assume the worse, harming hum...

John Dewey and Richard Rorty Philosophical Parallels

our understanding of language, democracy, the individual (self), within both the public and private spheres. Rorty notes, for exa...

19th and 20th Century Philosophies of John Dewey, Bertrand Russell, and Richard Rorty

Each criticized the foundationalist approach advocated by Russell. Rorty (1989, 87), for example, insisted:...

History and Testing Measures of Intelligence Theory

is supplemented by innate elements of the intellect (DeLouth, 2002). This theory keyed into the nature-nurture debate. Skipping ...

An 18th Century Authors' Overview

is just one example, but he is still an example of a writer who characterized a generation. Swifts humor and sarcasm demonstrates ...

Early America, England and Rights of the Individual

right to political participation and freedom of religion, became the motivating forces behind the English Revolution of 1640, whic...

A Card Game and Dinner Party with Guests Locke, Sartre, Nietzsche, Descartes, Maimonides, and Averroes

with most of the guests as a large part of his life had been shaped by political factors. When he was...

Chuang Tzu and Socrates on State Obedience versus Self Interest

own life? Not all philosophers would agree with the path he ultimately chose. First, it is important to keep in mind that practi...

Beauty, the Sublime, Immanuel Kant, and Edmund Burke

and Kant. While both of these men had many critics, they raised points which even critics contended were worthy of the discussion...

Government and the State, Good and Evil, and the Individual According to Philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle

from mans knowledge of truth; Aristotle believed that all men pursued happiness which came not from wealth but from contemplation ...

Analysis of Niccolo Machiavelli's Life and Works

In twelve pages the life of political philosopher Niccolo Machiavelli and his important works are analyzed. Four sources are cite...

Good Political Leadership and the Differing Views of Aristotle and Plato

as the original Greek legal process aspired to achieve such status, it can readily be said that its integrity has been severely co...

Sophocles' Observation 'Truth is the Strongest Argument'

In five pages the truth of this statement is argued with supporting evidence from various philosophers. Four sources are cited in...

Pleasure According to Aristotle

In six pages Aristotle's view of pleasure in terms of where it resides within the context of a happy life is examined with the ass...

Influence of David Hume on Immanuel Kant

contends that Humes definition of "cause" (using reason to infer existence), as "a bastard of the imagination, impregnated by expe...

Intellectuals and the Use of Critical Thinking

The role of critical thinking in American society has taken on greater importance in the 21st century. This paper relates the conc...

Justice Concept According to John Stuart Mill and Aristotle

In six pages this report considers the concept of justice as perceived by philosophers John Stuart Mill and Aristotle. Four sourc...

Three Dialogues of George Berkeley

that sensible things mean those items or realities that can be perceived by the senses of a human being. Philonous states the foll...

Intelligence Theories and Philosophy

world, one would find the "ideal tree of which all trees which we see are copies, the ideal house and ideas of all other objects i...